From science fiction movie to reality, laser is also productivity, laser engraving equipment!
With the development of science and technology, many of the technologies that once existed only in science fiction movies have gradually become reality, and laser technology is one of them. In recent years, laser engraving machine gradually entered the people's field of vision,laserpecker 2 laser engraver but for this amazing technology, we may not be familiar with. In this article, I will introduce the knowledge of laser engraving in detail.
Laser engraving technology is the use of high power density laser beam irradiation of the cut material, so that the rapid heating of the material leads to material combustion or instantaneous vaporization to form holes.laser pecker 4 As the beam moves against the material, the holes continuously form slits of very narrow width to complete the cutting of the material.
The range of materials for laser engraving is very wide, including plexiglass, plastics, dichroic panels, glass, bamboo and wood, foam, fabric, leather, rubber sheet, stone, artificial stone PVC board, wood products, metal plate, crystal, Corian, paper, aluminum oxide, resin and so on.laser pecker pro In the furniture industry, it is mainly used for engraving or cutting of wood.
The main classifications of laser processing machines are: laser engraving machine, laser cutting machine and laser marking machine.
Engraving machines and cutting machines are usually integrated, and the main difference between them is the different cutting thickness effect produced by different power during processing. Laser marking machine is through the laser beam so that the surface material evaporates to reveal the deep material, resulting in chemical changes or physical changes in the surface material and engraved traces. It can also be connected to an ERP system.
Laser can be divided into flatbed laser equipment and galvanometer laser equipment.
The difference between a flatbed laser and a galvanometer laser is the way the laser beam moves to cut. In a flatbed laser, the laser beam (i.e., the laser head) moves directly to cut. The optical system is fixedly mounted in the machine housing. The larger the machine, the larger the processing area. In a galvanometer laser system, on the other hand, the laser beam is moved by the reflection of the lenses to move the laser position for cutting. The lenses are driven by motors. Since there are virtually no physical components to be accelerated, the laser beam can be directed at the processed workpiece at extremely high speeds, with great precision and repeatability. Typically, laser marking machines utilize a galvanometer-type device, and the size of the marking area is determined by the reflection angle and focal length of the optics.
The processing forms of laser engraving machines are categorized into dot-matrix and vector processing.
Dot matrix is composed of pixel dots, which are engraved and processed line by line and point by point by laser. This is in line with the printing method of inkjet printers, with the difference that the printing process involves spraying ink onto the surface of the material, whereas the laser engraving process peels off the surface of the material, pixel by pixel. This is a bi-directional process, with the laser engraving process alternating between the two directions. The vectorial laser engraving mode is usually referred to as the "line drawing" process, where the vectorial image being processed consists of vectors (lines and geometric curves), which are very fine lines in the graphic. When the graphics processing software is sent to the Trotec laser processing application, the contour lines are vectorized for laser engraving and the laser engraves the lines structure by structure. During vectorized laser engraving, the two axes of motion of the laser device are synchronized and therefore move at a slower speed compared to dot-matrix laser engraving.
The types of lasers commonly used today are CO2 lasers, fiber lasers and crystal lasers. These three types of lasers are priced differently and cut different ranges of materials.
CO2 laser devices are gas lasers, mainly suitable for processing non-metallic materials and most plastics.With relatively high efficiency and excellent beam quality, CO2 laser devices are one of the most widely used laser devices. They are suitable for materials such as wood, acrylic, glass, paper, textiles, plastics, foils and films. Fiber lasers are solid-state lasers that are over 100 times more intense than CO2 laser devices with the same average power. Fiber lasers are best suited for annealing and marking metals, engraving metals and marking high contrast plastics. Fiber lasers are typically maintenance-free and have an extremely long service life of at least 25,000 laser processing hours. They are suitable for materials such as metals, coated metals and plastics. Crystal lasers belong to the solid-state laser category The most common types of lasers are Nd:YAG (aluminum-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet) and Nd:YVO (neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate), named after the doping element neodymium and the carrier crystal. Crystal lasers have a wavelength of 1.064 microns, the same as fiber lasers, and are suitable for marking metals and plastics. Unlike fiber lasers, these laser device types include relatively expensive pump diodes as consumables. As a result, they must be replaced after approximately 8,000 to 15,000 hours of processing work. Crystal lasers have a shorter service life than fiber lasers.
